FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr2:71680861..71680880,+: Difference between revisions
From FANTOM5_SSTAR
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
|id=chr2:71680861..71680880,+ | |id=chr2:71680861..71680880,+ | ||
|ontology_enrichment_celltype=CL:0002139!9.29e-18!24;CL:0000115!7.00e-17!35;CL:0000071!3.72e-13!18;CL:0002546!3.72e-13!18;CL:0002078!7.08e-13!44;CL:0000213!1.98e-12!57;CL:0000215!1.98e-12!57;CL:1000413!1.52e-08!9;CL:0000222!8.59e-07!119 | |ontology_enrichment_celltype=CL:0002139!9.29e-18!24;CL:0000115!7.00e-17!35;CL:0000071!3.72e-13!18;CL:0002546!3.72e-13!18;CL:0002078!7.08e-13!44;CL:0000213!1.98e-12!57;CL:0000215!1.98e-12!57;CL:1000413!1.52e-08!9;CL:0000222!8.59e-07!119 | ||
|ontology_enrichment_celltype_v019=CL:0002139;1.57e-34;24!CL:0000115;3.01e-27;36!CL:0000071;3.69e-25;18!CL:0002078;3.80e-15;45!CL:1000413;3.88e-15;9!CL:0000213;1.48e-12;58!CL:0000215;1.48e-12;58!CL:0002544;2.21e-11;6!CL:0002138;6.11e-11;6!CL:1000746;1.10e-08;7!CL:1000612;1.10e-08;7!CL:0000669;1.70e-07;4!CL:0002543;5.42e-07;6!CL:0000775;7.23e-07;3 | |||
|ontology_enrichment_development_v019=CL:0002546;3.69e-25;18!CL:0005022;6.11e-11;6 | |||
|ontology_enrichment_disease= | |ontology_enrichment_disease= | ||
|ontology_enrichment_disease_v019= | |||
|ontology_enrichment_uberon=UBERON:0001986!3.72e-13!18;UBERON:0004638!3.72e-13!18;UBERON:0004852!3.72e-13!18;UBERON:0004111!1.55e-11!241;UBERON:0000487!1.12e-10!22;UBERON:0000477!1.93e-10!286;UBERON:0001009!2.84e-10!113;UBERON:0002049!3.51e-10!79;UBERON:0007798!3.51e-10!79;UBERON:0000119!4.45e-10!312;UBERON:0000025!4.74e-10!194;UBERON:0000483!2.03e-09!309;UBERON:0006914!3.77e-09!25;UBERON:0004535!5.38e-09!110;UBERON:0003915!1.52e-08!9;UBERON:0004700!1.52e-08!9;UBERON:0001917!1.52e-08!9;UBERON:0007023!1.72e-08!115;UBERON:0000055!3.95e-08!69;UBERON:0000468!1.77e-07!659;UBERON:0003914!2.90e-07!118 | |ontology_enrichment_uberon=UBERON:0001986!3.72e-13!18;UBERON:0004638!3.72e-13!18;UBERON:0004852!3.72e-13!18;UBERON:0004111!1.55e-11!241;UBERON:0000487!1.12e-10!22;UBERON:0000477!1.93e-10!286;UBERON:0001009!2.84e-10!113;UBERON:0002049!3.51e-10!79;UBERON:0007798!3.51e-10!79;UBERON:0000119!4.45e-10!312;UBERON:0000025!4.74e-10!194;UBERON:0000483!2.03e-09!309;UBERON:0006914!3.77e-09!25;UBERON:0004535!5.38e-09!110;UBERON:0003915!1.52e-08!9;UBERON:0004700!1.52e-08!9;UBERON:0001917!1.52e-08!9;UBERON:0007023!1.72e-08!115;UBERON:0000055!3.95e-08!69;UBERON:0000468!1.77e-07!659;UBERON:0003914!2.90e-07!118 | ||
|ontology_enrichment_uberon_v019=UBERON:0004638;3.69e-25;18!UBERON:0001986;3.69e-25;18!UBERON:0004852;3.69e-25;18!UBERON:0000487;6.55e-22;22!UBERON:0006914;1.33e-18;25!UBERON:0003915;3.88e-15;9!UBERON:0004700;3.88e-15;9!UBERON:0001917;3.88e-15;9!UBERON:0000490;5.77e-13;33!UBERON:0000074;1.10e-08;7!UBERON:0001229;1.10e-08;7!UBERON:0001473;6.10e-08;8!UBERON:0004536;6.10e-08;8!UBERON:0006558;6.10e-08;8!UBERON:0000055;7.02e-07;65 | |||
|phase1_expression=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,4.36882744260345,0.527533956456907,0,0,0.672325146451775,0,0.730310090387373,0,0.369363174230364,0.204000691244253,0.940364164434263,0.286235987131057,0.136874425072884,0.376627918784408,0,0,0,0,0.383829398097213,0.464448369948228,0.919421224478927,0,0.369754010166788,0,0,0,0.553995408531877,0.401088894940283,0.434021741431704,0.223915474239924,0,0.257575567634187,0.145398238779565,0.377875943688809,0.242584061187816,0,0,0,0.863077176966451,0.256160706529101,0.47296445977717,1.37898272294647,0,1.35426486594342,0.188242339542605,0,0.224723484445085,0.306083892370903,0,0,0.329851300186716,0,0.852449501065388,0.290209238628584,0,0,1.25624332628372,0.521482918420201,0.868755378820466,0.605399502633369,0,0.316462387440884,0,0,0,0.898629049171961,0.600707571366025,1.12507910687956,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.426730222566507,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.12786256184353,0,0,0,0,0,0.0945348171640679,1.10864698731282,0.87834785693126,0.261958150995425,0,0,0,0.348259474598534,0.132957960518865,0,0,0,5.36658499890104,2.58070378531837,8.33137203858226,4.52246353539208,4.19499436209906,1.92582629358047,1.8809546988313,3.6178346283706,5.33649394030065,2.34304428935269,11.6820501961653,2.28081631715554,12.6912269925048,5.8826092855339,4.86085168729056,2.41109266367015,3.14341121676638,1.35133776579987,0,2.84779697870439,2.74802615895611,1.31780417436063,3.87780264148325,0,0.496971951695318,0,0.397227542439656,0,0.354668382198357,0.560677600142307,0,2.71334303258876,0,0.404132016209064,0.326923806226917,1.51357427644931,1.15235184896,0,0,1.1409436430889,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.30648779579902,0,0.226864366320042,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.12586938479627,3.81844568827169,0.860413786167011,1.21973706129595,2.12047629314376,1.74290914304278,0.725627385107593,1.7662459561294,3.28479623168247,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.738155454624648,2.80483547606892,0,0,1.26755034821831,1.96565443335525,0.590789906681404,0,0,1.54411029268673,0.109750285408626,0,0,1.11106134190236,0,0,1.44331342025273,0,0.821860859650752,4.18662698507114,3.24089858803628,3.80508304469197,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.51973192298289,1.27597587518148,0.358234090811393,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.23344192779897,0.87192013766656,0.2933531432838,0.387815147273333,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.325736184293735,0,0,0,3.48613383440118,0.199945982364114,1.2162378064119,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.410952645100767,0.895304816199478,0,0,0,0.128343036279748,0,0,0,0,0,6.74106321552464,5.9832291840805,12.4324654030811,0,0,0,1.03985430765404,0.178428988797162,0,0.117141414992713,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.37060810223918,5.14715135716284,0.206768026122887,0.215714200818617,0.320182673410333,0,0,0.604780586659361,0,0.61384789315225,0,0.256278298511402,0,0.160853921143607,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.241718899183244,2.80709058424599,0.0920809889358963,0,0,0.131124414959424,0,0.0770153371044148,1.56869953835371,0,0.316654886678627,3.4120015221269,2.2112181685947,1.72732732881711,3.08454505380579,2.98041081298238,5.01689773854853,0,0,0.447749509444357,1.09629938322967,1.5686127061494,0.256450125116389,0,0,1.23649213977267,0,0,1.14853107599234,1.30012049207304,0,5.31688950606671,0.462145851343933,0.921022048356777,1.7918754422989,0,0.145016693914229,1.61930592090592,8.1019152438531,0.330569830721956,0,0,0,0,0.31481234683064,0,0.924100740528266,1.06461206063404,0,0,0,2.60510858551767,0,0.571890581771475,0,0,0.318203247925937,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.11300293513511,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.405820753925408,0.30982349809975,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.288666338176536,0,1.08890984861323,1.41215701165169,0,0,1.7737206141467,0.689170200620878,0,0,1.13929437434833,0.952927101831156,0,0,1.62009431171434,0,0,0,0.245040215981032,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.48171507906718,0.973865820823666,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.851692475380653,0,0,0,0,0.19538809540204,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.293016358543788,0,0,0,0.23874448473769,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.0898683511473268,0,0,0.690503839458535,0,0,0,0.371072392647405,0,0,0,0,0,1.27126825146383,0,0,0,0,0,0.60298219312704,0,0,0.295547618953547,0,0,0,0.0769502585037971,0,0.23056390438806,0.448788222048861,5.4323685961004,0,0.0915975934018623,0.533034776018635,1.02193298195737,0,0.664846727600626,0.676786981851542,0.392125068635479,0.167821586975843,6.26187317989811,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.265372693510018,0,0,0,0,0.134802265961354,5.61804353109152,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.30607276163049,0.189559738885464,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.0870592065804026,0.52418000472609,0.171986032471617,0,0,0.0821154570532092,0.290967049465258,0,0,0,0,0.50648636764703,0.195551382734803,0,0,0.19980960958213,0,0,0,0,0,0.235694034616795,0,0,0,0.288950589901519,0,0.273810757783986,0,0,0,2.79282401272254,2.97908551215189,0,2.39614800598789,3.004582336956,5.13294352116307,0.671834724867263,0.360299883542404,1.16495949527454,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.28602518772015,1.51293380256957,0.415440338029185,0,0,0.364497339948148,0,0.0788057072991982,0.367182116944987,1.16160370171347,0.179287339332845,0.383830394638891,5.00286728461357,0.662091970365432,0,0,0.864221491201268,0,0,0,0,0,2.34483573884932,1.32506888912221,0.646414781807753,0.26446520348538,0,0.704815022316672,0.213574825135389,0,0.414239055347196,0.992332043623902,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.122026264901963,0.500763722825999,0.573409195690071,0.332787154610557,0.807253238237985,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.477890301491107,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.90402606084398,0,0.181848659202559,0.429642228169954,0,0.398095888698616,4.40030541129469,0,0,0,0,0.214441591374926,0,0.680117776536817,0.231522474323834,0,0,1.23520578864389,0,0.530067437837643,0.38582807654183,0.168942440653073,0,0.345430341731199,0,0.414775308455192,0,0,0,0.655219697692825,0,1.69049698686902,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.24415452006595,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.80057074828547,0,0,0.256916900385838,0,1.27707087245721,0.205116364240755,0,0.622415272177961,0.322951291263702,0,0,0,0,0.115525666150338,0,0,0,0.150420656698515,0,0,0.261906694481422,0.327543835020193,0,0.405225507710368,0,0.620060389503552,0.317079050969534,1.09394961803644,0.548257766857182,3.47347824872506,0,0,0,0,0,0.455324382702595,5.49954695008361,0,0.171488009437418,1.42736439251347,0.986591603442736,0.118193840883968,0.111231401892069,0.313972371402056,0.471346769748006,1.40136081656895,1.82631744101899,0.431855182437243,0,0.0714765441766563,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.236664001461131,0.0852134047591577,1.27016115057279,0.22910686854405,0,0,0,0,0,8.41657488344263,9.03432700334974,13.9177731760584,0.971421986118279,0,0,0,0,0,0.905777061400041,0,0.218559560503957,0,0.980593287015622,0,0.196308467114945,0,0,0.339854229375634,0.845855261818682,0.902410431630081,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.157771562193185,0.747906392100062,0,0.5290268405154,0,0,0,0.378499274505237,0.109265571963696,0,2.44773191380756,1.3360870263278,5.329904173021,1.0028301571695,0.227336094654718,0.267964130156178,0,0,2.55880778281177,2.3806443146374,0,0,0,0.509177266225319,0.202117188958219,1.30630048738177,1.71116650542641,0,0.430333232356058,0,0,0,0,0,4.69281884806909,0.244482888365733,0,1.33151354837103,0.402547587182052,0 | |phase1_expression=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,4.36882744260345,0.527533956456907,0,0,0.672325146451775,0,0.730310090387373,0,0.369363174230364,0.204000691244253,0.940364164434263,0.286235987131057,0.136874425072884,0.376627918784408,0,0,0,0,0.383829398097213,0.464448369948228,0.919421224478927,0,0.369754010166788,0,0,0,0.553995408531877,0.401088894940283,0.434021741431704,0.223915474239924,0,0.257575567634187,0.145398238779565,0.377875943688809,0.242584061187816,0,0,0,0.863077176966451,0.256160706529101,0.47296445977717,1.37898272294647,0,1.35426486594342,0.188242339542605,0,0.224723484445085,0.306083892370903,0,0,0.329851300186716,0,0.852449501065388,0.290209238628584,0,0,1.25624332628372,0.521482918420201,0.868755378820466,0.605399502633369,0,0.316462387440884,0,0,0,0.898629049171961,0.600707571366025,1.12507910687956,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.426730222566507,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.12786256184353,0,0,0,0,0,0.0945348171640679,1.10864698731282,0.87834785693126,0.261958150995425,0,0,0,0.348259474598534,0.132957960518865,0,0,0,5.36658499890104,2.58070378531837,8.33137203858226,4.52246353539208,4.19499436209906,1.92582629358047,1.8809546988313,3.6178346283706,5.33649394030065,2.34304428935269,11.6820501961653,2.28081631715554,12.6912269925048,5.8826092855339,4.86085168729056,2.41109266367015,3.14341121676638,1.35133776579987,0,2.84779697870439,2.74802615895611,1.31780417436063,3.87780264148325,0,0.496971951695318,0,0.397227542439656,0,0.354668382198357,0.560677600142307,0,2.71334303258876,0,0.404132016209064,0.326923806226917,1.51357427644931,1.15235184896,0,0,1.1409436430889,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.30648779579902,0,0.226864366320042,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.12586938479627,3.81844568827169,0.860413786167011,1.21973706129595,2.12047629314376,1.74290914304278,0.725627385107593,1.7662459561294,3.28479623168247,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.738155454624648,2.80483547606892,0,0,1.26755034821831,1.96565443335525,0.590789906681404,0,0,1.54411029268673,0.109750285408626,0,0,1.11106134190236,0,0,1.44331342025273,0,0.821860859650752,4.18662698507114,3.24089858803628,3.80508304469197,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.51973192298289,1.27597587518148,0.358234090811393,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.23344192779897,0.87192013766656,0.2933531432838,0.387815147273333,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.325736184293735,0,0,0,3.48613383440118,0.199945982364114,1.2162378064119,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.410952645100767,0.895304816199478,0,0,0,0.128343036279748,0,0,0,0,0,6.74106321552464,5.9832291840805,12.4324654030811,0,0,0,1.03985430765404,0.178428988797162,0,0.117141414992713,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.37060810223918,5.14715135716284,0.206768026122887,0.215714200818617,0.320182673410333,0,0,0.604780586659361,0,0.61384789315225,0,0.256278298511402,0,0.160853921143607,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.241718899183244,2.80709058424599,0.0920809889358963,0,0,0.131124414959424,0,0.0770153371044148,1.56869953835371,0,0.316654886678627,3.4120015221269,2.2112181685947,1.72732732881711,3.08454505380579,2.98041081298238,5.01689773854853,0,0,0.447749509444357,1.09629938322967,1.5686127061494,0.256450125116389,0,0,1.23649213977267,0,0,1.14853107599234,1.30012049207304,0,5.31688950606671,0.462145851343933,0.921022048356777,1.7918754422989,0,0.145016693914229,1.61930592090592,8.1019152438531,0.330569830721956,0,0,0,0,0.31481234683064,0,0.924100740528266,1.06461206063404,0,0,0,2.60510858551767,0,0.571890581771475,0,0,0.318203247925937,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.11300293513511,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.405820753925408,0.30982349809975,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.288666338176536,0,1.08890984861323,1.41215701165169,0,0,1.7737206141467,0.689170200620878,0,0,1.13929437434833,0.952927101831156,0,0,1.62009431171434,0,0,0,0.245040215981032,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.48171507906718,0.973865820823666,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.851692475380653,0,0,0,0,0.19538809540204,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.293016358543788,0,0,0,0.23874448473769,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.0898683511473268,0,0,0.690503839458535,0,0,0,0.371072392647405,0,0,0,0,0,1.27126825146383,0,0,0,0,0,0.60298219312704,0,0,0.295547618953547,0,0,0,0.0769502585037971,0,0.23056390438806,0.448788222048861,5.4323685961004,0,0.0915975934018623,0.533034776018635,1.02193298195737,0,0.664846727600626,0.676786981851542,0.392125068635479,0.167821586975843,6.26187317989811,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.265372693510018,0,0,0,0,0.134802265961354,5.61804353109152,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.30607276163049,0.189559738885464,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.0870592065804026,0.52418000472609,0.171986032471617,0,0,0.0821154570532092,0.290967049465258,0,0,0,0,0.50648636764703,0.195551382734803,0,0,0.19980960958213,0,0,0,0,0,0.235694034616795,0,0,0,0.288950589901519,0,0.273810757783986,0,0,0,2.79282401272254,2.97908551215189,0,2.39614800598789,3.004582336956,5.13294352116307,0.671834724867263,0.360299883542404,1.16495949527454,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.28602518772015,1.51293380256957,0.415440338029185,0,0,0.364497339948148,0,0.0788057072991982,0.367182116944987,1.16160370171347,0.179287339332845,0.383830394638891,5.00286728461357,0.662091970365432,0,0,0.864221491201268,0,0,0,0,0,2.34483573884932,1.32506888912221,0.646414781807753,0.26446520348538,0,0.704815022316672,0.213574825135389,0,0.414239055347196,0.992332043623902,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.122026264901963,0.500763722825999,0.573409195690071,0.332787154610557,0.807253238237985,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.477890301491107,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.90402606084398,0,0.181848659202559,0.429642228169954,0,0.398095888698616,4.40030541129469,0,0,0,0,0.214441591374926,0,0.680117776536817,0.231522474323834,0,0,1.23520578864389,0,0.530067437837643,0.38582807654183,0.168942440653073,0,0.345430341731199,0,0.414775308455192,0,0,0,0.655219697692825,0,1.69049698686902,0,0,0,0,0,0,1.24415452006595,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.80057074828547,0,0,0.256916900385838,0,1.27707087245721,0.205116364240755,0,0.622415272177961,0.322951291263702,0,0,0,0,0.115525666150338,0,0,0,0.150420656698515,0,0,0.261906694481422,0.327543835020193,0,0.405225507710368,0,0.620060389503552,0.317079050969534,1.09394961803644,0.548257766857182,3.47347824872506,0,0,0,0,0,0.455324382702595,5.49954695008361,0,0.171488009437418,1.42736439251347,0.986591603442736,0.118193840883968,0.111231401892069,0.313972371402056,0.471346769748006,1.40136081656895,1.82631744101899,0.431855182437243,0,0.0714765441766563,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.236664001461131,0.0852134047591577,1.27016115057279,0.22910686854405,0,0,0,0,0,8.41657488344263,9.03432700334974,13.9177731760584,0.971421986118279,0,0,0,0,0,0.905777061400041,0,0.218559560503957,0,0.980593287015622,0,0.196308467114945,0,0,0.339854229375634,0.845855261818682,0.902410431630081,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.157771562193185,0.747906392100062,0,0.5290268405154,0,0,0,0.378499274505237,0.109265571963696,0,2.44773191380756,1.3360870263278,5.329904173021,1.0028301571695,0.227336094654718,0.267964130156178,0,0,2.55880778281177,2.3806443146374,0,0,0,0.509177266225319,0.202117188958219,1.30630048738177,1.71116650542641,0,0.430333232356058,0,0,0,0,0,4.69281884806909,0.244482888365733,0,1.33151354837103,0.402547587182052,0 | ||
|short_description=p6@DYSF | |short_description=p6@DYSF | ||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 03:02, 12 August 2012
Short description: | p6@DYSF |
---|---|
Species: | Human (Homo sapiens) |
DPI dataset: | NA |
TSS-like-by-RIKEN-classifier(Yes/No): | NA |
DHS support(Yes/No): | NA |
Description: | CAGE_peak_6_at_DYSF_5end |
Coexpression cluster: | NA |
Association with transcript: | 9bp_to_ENST00000258104, ENST00000409582, ENST00000409762, ENST00000413539, ENST00000429174_5end |
EntrezGene: | DYSF |
HGNC: | 3097 |
UniProt: | O75923 |
Genome view: | ZENBU |
View on UCSC genome browser
CAGE Expression
- Click each plot point to find sample in table
Ontology-based sample term enrichment analysis<b>Summary:</b>This analysis has been performed by utilizing wilcoxon rank sum test.When the number of associated cells/tissues are > n , randomly sampled n cells/tissues are used for P value calculation with rank sum test. this process are repeated several times, and the P values are averaged on the log space <br><b>Analyst:</b> Hideya Kawaji<br><br>link to source dataset<br>data
Ontology term | p-value | n |
---|
Ontology term | p-value | n |
---|
Ontology term | p-value | n |
---|
Property "Dpi dataset" (as page type) with input value "{{{DPIdataset}}}" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.
Property "TSS like by RIKEN classifier" (as page type) with input value "{{{TSSclassifier}}}" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.
Property "DHS support" (as page type) with input value "{{{DHSsupport}}}" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.